Bismillāhirraḥmānirrraḥīm
Agritech, 39(2) 2019: 136-142
2 Mei 2019
Pepi Nur Susilawati, Anis Andrini, Evi Dwi S. Nugroho, dan Ulima Darmania Amanda
Abstrak
Kemunduran benih selama penyimpanan dapat mengurangi penyediaan benih berkualitas tinggi yang menjadi faktor pembatas produksi kedelai di daerah tropis. Controlled deterioration test (CDT) atau uji deteriorasi terkontrol (UDT) adalah salah satu metode pengujian vigor benih secara cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kadar air benih dan waktu penderaan untuk mendapatkan metode CDT pada benih kedelai. Rancangan split-plot RKLT 2 faktor, yaitu varietas benih dan kombinasi dari tingkat kadar air benih dan durasi CDT digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penderaan. Rancangan split-plot 2 faktor, yaitu periode simpan dan varietas benih digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh masa simpan. Pengamatan viabilitas meliputi uji daya berkecambah (DB) dan indeks vigor (IV), melalui metode uji kertas digulung dan didirikan dalam plastik (UKDdp). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi antara varietas benih kedelai dengan kombinasi perlakuan kadar air benih dengan lamanya penderaan CDT. Varieties Sindoro dan Tanggamus mempunyai viabilitas dan daya simpan lebih tinggi dibanding varietas lainnya. Deteriorasi Terkontrol pada kondisi kadar air benih 28%, 40 °C dengan durasi CDT selama 24 jam merupakan kondisi yang masih sesuai untuk perkecambahan dan berhubungan erat dengan daya berkecambah benih pada periode simpan 1 bulan.
Kata kunci: Daya berkecambah; Vigor kecambah; Umur simpan; Kacang kedelai; Viabilitas
ABSTRACT
Deterioration of seeds during storage may reduce the supply of high-quality seeds which become limiting factors of soybean production in the tropical countries. Controlled Deterioration Test (CDT) is one of the fastest vigor testing methods. The objective of this study was to achieve the suitable moisture content and duration of CDT treatment in soybean seed, then establish a model that associated with the seed vigor in the field after a certain time of storage. Split-plot with 2 factors, i.e. seed varieties and the combination of moisture content and duration of the heat exposure were used to determine the influence of CDT treatment. Another split-plot for 2 factors, i.e. the storage period and seed varieties were used to determine the effect of shelf life. Viability parameters were observed by germination strength (GS) and seedling vigor index (VI), using rolled paper towel method. The results showed that there was an interaction between soybean seed varieties and the combination of seed moisture content treatment with duration of CDT exposure. Sindoro and Tanggamus varieties have higher viability and storability than other varieties. Combinations of 28% seed moisture content for 24 hours CDT duration were sensitive enough to evaluate the physiological potential of soybean seeds, providing information that was closely related to seed germination after stored for 1 month.
Keywords: Germination; Seedling vigor; Shelf life; Soya bean; Viability
Subhanakallahumma wa bihamdika, asyhadu al-laa ilaaha illaa anta, astaghfiruka, wa atuubu ilaik.
